INTRODUCTION
Modern industry stets very high standards for the materials applied. They should be resistant to mechanical
and chemical wear. Many branches of industry demand materials with high physio-chemical and functional
properties, such as high electrical and thermal conductivity, high strength, resistivity to abrasion and resistivity to corrosion. The material meeting these criteria is copper and its alloys. Copper as matrix material has high thermal and electrical conductivity, the highest of all materials used in casting of technical metals (58 MS). That is why it is the main material used in cast manufacturing for power engineering sector. But mechanical properties of copper are relatively low that is why often additions of other elements are introduced, to improve its resistivity to mechanical wear. Copper with these small additions constitutes the group of alloyed copper, showing high mechanical and functional properties, as well as good thermal and electrical conductivity. An example here is chromium copper, as well as other examples of alloyed copper, e.g beryllium (up to 2 %), nickel (up to 2,5 %), chromium (up to 1,2 %), manganese (up to 1,3 %) as well as cadmium and zirconium copper [1-4]. Bigger amounts of alloying additives create other groups of special bronzes, among which there are multicomponent bronzes resistant to wear, among others aluminium, nickel, manganese, aluminium-iron bronzes, as well as nickel-silicone CuAlFeNi and CuAlFeMn bronzes. In these bronzes a special role is played by manganese and nickel additions.
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http://www.pfa.org.pk/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/REFINING_PROCESSES_IN_THE_COPPER_CASTING.pdf
